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Gender & Society, Vol. 7, No. 4, 568-581 (1993)
DOI: 10.1177/089124393007004006

Conference

BELIEVING IS SEEING:

Biology as Ideology

JUDITH LORBER

Brooklyn College and Graduate School City University of New York

Western ideology takes biology as the cause, and behavior and social statuses as the effects, and then proceeds to construct biological dichotomies to justify the "naturalness" of gendered behavior and gendered social statuses. What we believe is what we see—two sexes producing two genders. The process, however, goes the other way: gender constructs social bodies to be different and unequal. The content of the two sets of constructed social categories, "females and males" and "women and men," is so varied that their use in research without further specification renders the results spurious.


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