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Gender & Society
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Separating the Men from the Moms

The Making of Adult Gender Segregation in Youth Sports

Michael A. Messner

University of Southern California

Suzel Bozada-Deas

University of Southern California

Based on a multiyear study, this article analyzes the reproduction of adult gender segregation in two youth-sports organizations in which most men volunteers become coaches and most women volunteers become "team moms." We use interviews and participant observation to explore how these gender divisions are created. While most participants say the divisions result from individual choices, our interviews show how gendered language, essentialist beliefs, and analogies with gendered divisions of labor in families and work-places naturalize this division of labor. Observation reveals how patterned, informal interactions reproduce (and occasionally challenge) it as well. We show how (mostly) nonreflexive informal interactions at the nexus of three gender regimes—youth sports, families, and workplaces—produce a gender formation with two interrelated characteristics: an ascendant professional class gender ideology that we call "soft essentialism" and a "gender category sorting system" that channels most men into coaching and most women into being "team moms."

Key Words: gender segregation • youth sports • gender ideology

Gender & Society, Vol. 23, No. 1, 49-71 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0891243208327363
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