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Gender, Race, and Affirmative Action

Operationalizing Intersectionality in Survey Research

Temple University, amys{at}temple.edu

Julie E. Press

Janice Johnson Dias

University of Michigan

In this article, the authors operationalize the intersection of gender and race in survey research. Using quantitative data from the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality, they investigate how gender/racial stereotypes about African Americans affect Whites’ attitudes about two types of affirmative action programs: (1) job training and education and (2) hiring and promotion. The authors find that gender/racial prejudice towards Black women and Black men influences Whites’ opposition to affirmative action at different levels than negative attitudes towards Blacks as a group. Prejudice toward Black women has a larger effect on Whites’ policy preferences than does prejudice toward Black men or Blacks in general. In future research, survey methodologists should develop better intersectional measures to further document these gender/racial attitudes.

Key Words: affirmative action • gender • intersectionality • prejudice • race • survey research

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